590. N-ary Tree Postorder Traversal

Description

Given the root of an n-ary tree, return the postorder traversal of its nodes' values.

Nary-Tree input serialization is represented in their level order traversal. Each group of children is separated by the null value (See examples)

 

Example 1:

Input: root = [1,null,3,2,4,null,5,6]
Output: [5,6,3,2,4,1]

Example 2:

Input: root = [1,null,2,3,4,5,null,null,6,7,null,8,null,9,10,null,null,11,null,12,null,13,null,null,14]
Output: [2,6,14,11,7,3,12,8,4,13,9,10,5,1]

 

Constraints:

• The number of nodes in the tree is in the range [0, 104].
• 0 <= Node.val <= 104
• The height of the n-ary tree is less than or equal to 1000.

 

Follow up: Recursive solution is trivial, could you do it iteratively?

 

Solutions

Solution: Depth-First Search

• Time complexity: O(n)
• Space complexity: O(n)

 

JavaScript

/**
 * // Definition for a _Node.
 * function _Node(val,children) {
 *    this.val = val;
 *    this.children = children;
 * };
 */

/**
 * @param {_Node|null} root
 * @return {number[]}
 */
const postorder = function (root) {
  const result = [];

  const dfsTree = node => {
    if (!node) return;
    const { val, children } = node;

    for (const child of children) {
      dfsTree(child);
    }
    result.push(val);
  };

  dfsTree(root);
  return result;
};